Cervical Cancer Prevention: The Role of the HPV Vaccine


 

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, with an estimated 570,000 new cases and 311,000 deaths in 2018 alone. In India, it is the second most common cancer among women, accounting for approximately 122,000 new cases and 67,000 deaths each year. However, the good news is that cervical cancer is highly preventable, and one of the most effective ways to prevent it is through the use of the HPV vaccine.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common virus that can cause several types of cancers, including cervical cancer. It is transmitted through sexual contact and is so common that almost all sexually active individuals will contract it at some point in their lives. While most HPV infections clear up on their own, some can persist and lead to the development of cervical cancer.

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This is where the HPV vaccine comes in. The HPV vaccine is a safe and highly effective way to protect against the types of HPV that cause most cervical cancers. It works by stimulating the body's immune system to produce antibodies that fight against the virus, preventing it from causing an infection.

The World Health Organization recommends that girls aged 9-14 years receive two doses of the HPV vaccine, with a six-month interval between doses. Girls who are 15 years or older and women who have not been vaccinated should receive three doses of the vaccine over six months. It is also recommended for boys and men up to the age of 26 to receive the vaccine to protect against other types of HPV that can cause genital warts and other cancers, including anal, penile, and throat cancers.

The HPV vaccine has been proven to be safe and effective in numerous studies and has been approved by regulatory bodies in more than 100 countries. However, there are still some misconceptions and myths surrounding the vaccine, which may deter people from getting vaccinated. Some believe that the vaccine can cause fertility problems or that it promotes promiscuity. However, these claims have been debunked by scientific evidence, and the vaccine has been shown to be safe and does not increase risky sexual behavior.

As a gynaecologist in Bhopal, I have seen firsthand the devastating effects of cervical cancer on women and their families. It is heartbreaking to see young women lose their lives to a preventable disease. That is why I strongly recommend the HPV vaccine to all my patients and urge parents to get their children vaccinated at the recommended age.

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